Teresa shume, school of education, north dakota state university, dr. Cooperative learning ensures that all students aresocially integrated into networks of positive peerrelationships. Cooperative learning, values, and culturally plural classrooms. Pada sistem pembelajaran dalam pendidikan, terdapat berbagai model pembelajaran seperti model pembelajaran kooperatif. To learn the assigned material and make sure that all other members of their group do likewise. Kim mccready changed description of webpage group work. Model pembelajaran cooperative learning bumikumyearth. Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy classroom teachers use to help their students process information more quickly by having them work in small groups to accomplish a common goal. Cooperative learning is a strategic instructional system applied by many educators the world over. Peer evaluation form the form below is deliberately set up to be in the form of a set of opinions. Cooperative learning is the instructional use of small groups in such a way that students work together to achieve shared goals. Informal cooperative groups students work together to achieve a joint learning goal in temporary, ad hoc groups that last from a few minutes to one class period every 10 to 15 minutes, students should be asked to discussprocess what they are learning breaking up. Cooperative language learning cll is the application of the instructional method cooperative learning in the language classroom.
Ariana suttongrier, earth system science interdisciplinary center, university of maryland, college park. Cooper ative learning groups may be used to teach specif ic content formal cooperative learning groups, to ensure active cognitive processing of information during a lecture or demonstration informal coop. It is generally acknowledged that cooperative learning can. Recent methods and effects on achievement, attitudes, and ethnic relations shiomo sharan school of education, telaviv university five recently published methodsfor conducting cooperative smallgroup learning in the classroom, and the experimental studies conducted by the authors of. He is currently a professor emeritus at the university of minnesota. Dalam menyelesaikan tugas kelompoknya, setiap siswa anggota kelompok harus saling bekerja sama dan saling membantu untuk memahami materi pelajaran. Cooperative language learning educational research. Students have sufficient time to think and ink could be writing or drawing depending on course content 3. Ide utama dari belajar cooperative learning adalah siswa bekerja sama untuk belajar bertanggung jawab pada kemajuan belajar temannya. Model pembelajaran cooperative learning makalahuntuk memenuhi tugas matakuliahbelajar dan pembelajaranyang dibina oleh bapak kadim masjkur oleh. Reviews of the research, however, have focused either on the entire literature which includes research conducted in noneducational settings or have included only a partial set of studies that may or may not validly represent the whole literature. The teacher who implemented the jigsaw cooperative learning underwent training on the use of cooperative learning in order to ensure that it was implemented as. Cooperative learning is a teaching method where students of mixed levels of ability are arranged into groups and rewarded according to the groups success, rather than the success of an individual.
With cooperative learning, students work together in groups the usual size of which is two to four members. The best answer to the question, what is the most effective method of teaching. A definition of collaborative vs cooperative learning. Cooperative learning, values, and culturally navigation. Teachers said they regularly used cooperative learning in four subjects. If each students part is essential, then each student is. This post will discuss the assumptions of cll as well as the instructional practices associated with it. It includes a template for developing cooperative learning activities, as well as sample group activities for. Rima buana prahastiwi 100321400946suhartik wahyuni 100321400961qurnia nimatul ulfah 100321400962adelina ratna sari amina 100321400963 universitas negeri malangfakultas matematika dan ilmu pengetahuan alamjurusan fisikaoktober 2012model pembelajaran. There are many quite different forms of cooperative learning, and the effectiveness of cooperative learning particularly for achievement outcomes depends on the particular approach used. This can lead to reductions inantisocial behavior such as bullying.
Tsailing liang a thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy the graduate institute of english national taiwan normal university july 2002. Alfabeta 2011,15 6 agus suprijono, cooperatif learning teori dan aplikasi pakem,yogyakarta. The results also showed that cooperative and collaborative learning methods supported the effectiveness of the smallgroup learning methods in improving students academic achievement with an. Cooperative learning emphasizes democraticthought and practice as a desirable way for peopleto interact. The jigsaw is a cooperative learning technique with a threedecade track record of successfully increasing positive educational outcomes. His pioneering work in cooperative learning has spanned 5 decades. Centre for educational studies, university of hull, hull hu6 7rx telephone.
The form shown above is an adaptation of a cooperative learning evaluation form created by laura candler, used here with the authors permission. How cooperative learning works for special education and. Great way to hold group members accountable find out what its all about and get some great resources to help you use this strategy well in your classroom. Cooperative learning in multicultural education programs. Johnson without the cooperation of its members society cannot survive, and the society of man has survived because the cooperativeness of its members made survival possible it was not an advantageous individual here. Effect of cooperative learning on secondary school. This approach to language teaching was a reaction against the teachercentered methods of its time in favor of learnercentered methods. How cooperative learning is used in the classroom 9 4.
Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities. Cooperative learning involves more than students working together on a lab or field project. Cooperative learning can be incorporated into your classroom management system. In cooperative learning situations, students perceive that they can reach their learning goals only if the other students in the learning group also do so. Although the teacher cannot continually check the understanding of every student, the teacher can engineer such checking by having students work in cooperative groups and assigning one member the role of checker. Cooperative learning is a studentcentered, instructorfacilitated instructional strategy in which a small group of students is responsible for its own learning and the learning of all group members. How it works the large oak tree outside the high school campus shades a stone picnic table. The impact of cooperative learning on the development of. One of my first experiments with cooperative learning was to let my students work in groups of their own.
An empirical study on the application of cooperative. Pengertian dan contoh pembelajaran cooperative learning cooperative leraning adalah suatu model pembelajaran dimana siswa belajar dalam kelompok kecil yang mempunyai kemampuan berbeda. It is a favorite spot for students to gather and talk about dating, sports, tv, and, sometimes, homework and upcoming. Cooperative learning is one of the most widespread and fruitful areas of theory, research, and practice in education. A definition of collaborative vs cooperative learning ted panitz 1996 i have been searching for many years for the holy grail of interactive learning, a distinction between collaborative and cooperative learning definitions. Sistem pembelajaran kooperatif ini bisa juga disebut mirip dengan metode pembelajaran konvensional. Within cooperative learning groups students are given two responsibilities. We think it takes about 2 years to implement cooperative learning in your classroom in a way that it is effective and natural.
The general idea behind cooperative learning is that by working in small heterogeneous groups of four or five students total and by helping one another master the various aspects of a particular task, students will be more motivated to learn, will learn more than if they had to work. Each member that is in the group is responsible for learning the information given, and also for helping their fellow group members learn the information as well. Researchers of cooperative learning have carried out the study in this field and proved that cooperative learning can create a more interesting and relaxed learning atmosphere. Cooperative learning techniques can be loosely categorized by the skill that each enhances barkley, cross and major, 2005, although it is important to recognize that many cooperative learning exercises can be developed to fit within multiple categories. Cooperative learning is more elaborate than group work activity. Integrating cooperative learning strategies have proven to be effective in increasing student. Cooperative learning di definisikan sederhana sebagai sekelompok kecil pembelajaran yang bekerja sama menyelesaikan masalah, 5 isjoni, cooperative learning, bandung. There is much more to cooperative learning than merely arranging students into groups, and it has been described as structuring positive interdependence. The implementation of cooperative learning in the classroom. Interdependence and values o the values resulting from. Highlights of research on cooperative learning in cooperative learning, students work in small groups to help one another master academic material.
However, despite having this in common, each method present a different way of managing the teaching and learning activities, which makes some more elevant than others so as to develop certain learning. Cooperative learning tips and techniques thoughtco. It requires teachers to structure cooperative interdependence among the students. Cooperative learning is one of the most thoroughly re searched of all instructional methods. Pengertian dan contoh pembelajaran cooperative learning. In this lesson, you will learn the benefits of cooperative learning, as well as helpful strategies that. Each member of a team is responsible not only for learning what is taught but also for helping teammates learn, thus creating an atmosphere of achievement. A guidebook for cooperative learning eric us department of. These structures involve five key elements which can be implemented in a variety of ways. A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the doctor of philosophy degree in educational policy and leadership studies in the graduate college of the university of iowa december 2014.
Cooperative learning is a teaching strategy that helps students work together as they learn. See more ideas about cooperative learning, early childhood and teaching. Cooperative learning is a versatile procedure and can be used for a variety of purposes. Cooperative learning, according to some experts, is defined as. Implementing cooperative learning in the last ten years there has been a growing interest among eslefl teachers in using cooperative learning activities. Metode pembelajaran kooperatif cooperative learning. A guide with cooperative learning strategies teachers can use right away. Cooperative learning methods aprenentatge entre iguals. Each type of group has a different purpose no single one is intrinsically good or bad. There are also different types of cooperative groups appropriate for different situations. In order for cooperative learning to be effective, a teacher must incorporate its basic elements.
Cooperative learning is a learning situation in which two or more students are working together to complete a common task siegel, 2005. If you train your students to work effectively in groups, the results can be a very productive and fun learning environment. Cooperative learning methods organize the little groups with the objective of establishing the ties and requirements necessary for cooperation. Cooperative learning is an educational approach which aims to organize classroom activities into academic and social learning experiences. Consensus and controversy researchers agree that cooperative learning can produce positive effects on achievement but disagree on the conditions under which the approach is effective. Cooperative learning is frequently researched in education. Students interact with each other in the same group to acquire. Just as in a jigsaw puzzle, each pieceeach students partis essential for the completion and full understanding of the final product. Informal groups last only brief periods of time, from a. Cooperative learning is a successful teaching strategy in which small teams, each with students of different levels of ability, use a variety of learning activities to improve their understanding of a subject.
1006 302 1205 997 1391 276 214 939 935 515 268 1078 542 206 373 348 950 1440 1286 644 427 595 700 8 215 245 670 1212 1091 444 1095 641 898 1040 1264 1046 368 978 520 807 295 571 1197 259 1478